Looking at Darktide Breakpoint Calculator, Boltgun (80 all stats) has the following damage
- Unarmored: 540 (120% avg)
- Infested: 304 (67% avg)
- Flak: 544 (121% avg)
- Unyielding: 544 (121% average)
- Carapace: 217 (48% avg)
- Maniac: 544 (121% avg)
- Average: 448
Ripper Gun Mk II has the following
- Unarmored: 544 (155% avg)
- Infested: 544 (155% avg)
- Flak: 371 (106% avg)
- Unyielding: 247 (70% avg)
- Carapace: 24 (6% avg)
- Maniac: 371 (106% avg)
- Average: 350
Antax combat axe (light)
- Unarmored: 265 (110% avg)
- Infested: 265 (110% avg)
- Flak: 314 (130% avg)
- Unyielding: 265 (110% avg)
- Carapace: 66 (27% avg)
- Maniac: 265 (110% avg)
- Average: 240
Antax combat axe (heavy)
- Unarmored: 284 (91% avg)
- Infested: 284 (91% avg)
- Flak: 337 (108% avg)
- Unyielding: 569 (182% avg)
- Carapace: 256 (82% avg)
- Maniac: 142 (45% avg)
- Average: 312
Power Sword (heavy)
- Unarmored: 217 (139% avg)
- Infested: 164 (105% avg)
- Flak: 164 (105% avg)
- Unyielding: 148 (94% avg)
- Carapace: 49 (31% avg)
- Maniac: 198 (126% avg)
- Average: 156
Power Sword (heavy special)
- Unarmored: 489 (102% avg)
- Infested: 489 (102% avg)
- Flak: 489 (102% avg)
- Unyielding: 668 (139% avg)
- Carapace: 289 (60% avg)
- Maniac: 445 (93% avg)
- Average: 478
Boltgun and Ripper Gun have 1 moderate and 1 significant weakness each.
Combat axe is versatile, and close to average in most categories, has 1 moderate/significant weakness.
Power Sword has 1 significant/moderate weakness.
Average damage is not the perfect thing to measure against, but it should give a reasonable perspective on how the damage is distributed.
Raw damage, Finesse and other things have a part to play, of course, but each weapon makes tradeoffs when you look at armor modifiers. Factoring in Rending/Brittleness makes those weaknesses diminish massively.
EDIT: For good measure, the revolver
- Unarmored: 504 (98% avg)
- Infested: 504 (98% avg)
- Flak: 597 (118% avg)
- Unyielding: 597 (118% avg)
- Carapace: 366 (71% avg)
- Maniac: 504 (98% avg)
- Average: 512